Prescribed diets: diabetes mellitus type 2.
Purpose of the diet:
the creation of conditions conducive to the normalization of carbohydrate metabolism, identification of patient tolerance to carbohydrates.
General characteristics of diets:
a diet with reduced fat (mostly animal), and carbohydrates from the physiological norm of vitamins and minerals. In the diet include a variety of products. Excludes sugar, jam, confectionery and other foods that contain lots of sugar. Sugar substitute Xylitol, Sorbitol, aspartame. Main dishes cooked in boiled or baked form. Eating 5-6 times.
The chemical composition of the diet: protein 100 g, 70-80 g fat (of which 25 g of vegetable), 300 g carbohydrates mainly due to complex and simple carbohydrates, exclude or severely limit, caloric 2,300 kcal, 0.3 mg of retinol, carotene 12 mg, thiamine 1.5 mg, riboflavin 2.1 mg, nicotinic acid 18 mg, ascorbic acid, 100 mg sodium 3.7 g, 4 g of potassium, calcium 0.8 g, 1,3 g of phosphorus, iron 15 mg. Free liquid 1,5 l.
Featured products and dishes:
- Predominantly black bread 300 g;
- Mostly vegetarian soups;
- Meat and poultry, beef, veal, chicken, turkey boiled;
- Fish, low-fat varieties of boiled;
- Vegetables as garnish and leafy greens, cabbage, cauliflower, lettuce, cucumbers, tomatoes, zucchini, potatoes in cheese, boiled and baked;
- Cereals and pasta limit;
- Milk and dairy products – milk, cottage cheese, yogurt, buttermilk, cheese, sour cream limited;
- Fruits, berries – sour and sour-sweet varieties, apples, cranberries, red currants – 200 g per day;
- Drinks – tea, coffee rather weak, the juice of sour cherries berries.
In diabetes in obese patients with clinical nutrition coincides with the treatment of patients with obesity. Diabetics who receive large doses of insulin, a diet similar in chemical composition to the management table.
The main carbohydrate must be given with breakfast and dinner. Prior to these meals appoint insulin. With the introduction of insulin before dinner should keep food at night to prevent possible hypoglycemic reactions.
With the threat of diabetic coma, the amount of fat in the diet should be reduce up to 30 g of protein to the carbohydrate content in 1950 should not exceed 300 g. At the same time increase the dose of insulin.
See Also
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